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Torque Converters for Forklifts
Forklift Torque Converter - A torque converter in modern usage, is normally a fluid coupling that is used so as to transfer rotating power from a prime mover, for instance an electric motor or an internal combustion engine, to a rotating driven load. Same as a basic fluid coupling, the torque converter takes the place of a mechanical clutch. This allows the load to be separated from the main power source. A torque converter can provide the equivalent of a reduction gear by being able to multiply torque if there is a considerable difference between input and output rotational speed.
The most common kind of torque converter used in auto transmissions is the fluid coupling kind. In the 1920s there was even the Constantinesco or otherwise known as pendulum-based torque converter. There are various mechanical designs used for always changeable transmissions which could multiply torque. For instance, the Variomatic is one type which has expanding pulleys and a belt drive.
A fluid coupling is a 2 element drive which cannot multiply torque. A torque converter has an added element that is the stator. This changes the drive's characteristics during occasions of high slippage and produces an increase in torque output.
There are a minimum of three rotating parts in a torque converter: the turbine, that drives the load, the impeller, which is mechanically driven by the prime mover and the stator, which is between the impeller and the turbine so that it could change oil flow returning from the turbine to the impeller. Usually, the design of the torque converter dictates that the stator be prevented from rotating under any condition and this is where the word stator originates from. Actually, the stator is mounted on an overrunning clutch. This particular design prevents the stator from counter rotating with respect to the prime mover while still enabling forward rotation.
In the three element design there have been modifications that have been integrated at times. Where there is higher than normal torque manipulation is considered necessary, modifications to the modifications have proven to be worthy. Most commonly, these alterations have taken the form of many stators and turbines. Each and every set has been designed to produce differing amounts of torque multiplication. Some examples comprise the Dynaflow that makes use of a five element converter in order to generate the wide range of torque multiplication needed to propel a heavy vehicle.
Though it is not strictly a component of classic torque converter design, different automotive converters consist of a lock-up clutch to be able to reduce heat and to be able to enhance cruising power transmission efficiency. The application of the clutch locks the turbine to the impeller. This causes all power transmission to be mechanical that eliminates losses associated with fluid drive.
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